Shirye-shiryen emulsion na kwaskwarima

Solubilization na kwatankwacin ƙananan adadin abubuwan haɗin mai a cikin kurkura da tsarin shamfu yana nuna ainihin abubuwan haɓakawa waɗanda ya kamata a sa ran alkyl polyglycosides su nuna azaman surfactants na nonionic. Duk da haka, fahimtar halin da ake ciki na lokaci a cikin tsarin multicomponent ya zama dole don kimanta alkyl polyglycosides a matsayin emulsifiers masu karfi a hade tare da masu dacewa da hydrophobic coemulsifiers. Gaba ɗaya, aikin interfacial na alkyl polyglycosides an ƙaddara ta tsawon sarkar carbon kuma, zuwa ƙarami. Ƙaddamarwa, ta hanyar digiri na polymerization (DP). Ayyukan tsaka-tsaki yana ƙaruwa tare da tsayin sarkar alkyl kuma yana kan mafi girma kusa ko sama da CMC tare da ƙimar ƙasa 1 mN/m. A cikin ruwa / ma'adinai na man fetur, C12-14 APG yana nuna ƙananan tashin hankali fiye da C12-14 alkyl sulfate lnterfacial tashin hankali na n-decane, isopropyl myristate da 2-octyl dodecanol don tsarki alkyl monoglucosides (C8, C10, C12) kuma an kwatanta su dogara ga solubility na alkyl polyglycosides a cikin man fetur lokaci. Za a iya amfani da matsakaicin sarkar alkyl polyglycosides azaman emulsifiers don o/w emulsion a haɗe tare da masu samar da hydrophobic co emulsifiers.

Alkyl polyglycosides sun bambanta da ethoxylated nonionic surfactants a cikin cewa ba su jurewa yanayin canjin yanayin zafin jiki daga mai-in-ruwa (O / W) zuwa emulsion mai-in-ruwa (W / O).Maimakon haka, abubuwan hydrophilic / lipophilic zasu iya. a daidaita ta hanyar haɗuwa tare da emulsifier na hydrophobic irin su glycerin mono-oleate (GMO) ko dehydrated sorbitol mono-laurate (SML) .A gaskiya ma, halin lokaci da tashin hankali na tsaka-tsakin alkyl polyglycoside emulsifier tsarin suna kama da na al'ada na al'ada. m barasa ethoxylates tsarin idan da hadawa rabo na hydrophilic / lipophilic emulsifier a cikin wadanda ba ethoxylated tsarin da ake amfani da maimakon zafin jiki a matsayin key lokaci siga siga.

Tsarin don dodecane, ruwa, Lauryl Glucoside da Sorbitan Laurate a matsayin coemulsifier hydrophobic yana samar da microemulsions a wani adadin hadawa na C12-14 APG zuwa SML na 4: 6 zuwa 6: 4 (Hoto 1). Abubuwan da ke cikin SML mafi girma suna haifar da w/o emulsion yayin da mafi girman abun ciki na alkyl polyglycoside yana haifar da o/w emulsions. Bambance-bambancen jimlar ƙaddamarwar emulsifier yana haifar da abin da ake kira "Kifin Kahlweit" a cikin zane-zane na lokaci, jiki yana dauke da microemulsions guda uku da wutsiya guda ɗaya, kamar yadda aka gani tare da emulsifiers ethoxylated a matsayin aikin zafin jiki. Babban emulsifying. iyawar C12-14 APG/SML cakuda kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da m barasa ethoxylate tsarin yana nunawa a cikin gaskiyar cewa ko da 10% na cakuda emulsifier ya isa ya samar da microemulsion na lokaci-lokaci.

Kwatankwacin tsarin jujjuyawar lokaci na nau'ikan surfactant guda biyu ba wai kawai iyakance ga halayen lokaci bane, amma kuma ana iya samun su a cikin yanayin tashin hankali na tsarin emulsifying.The hydrophilic - lipophilic Properties na emulsifier cakuda ya kai ma'auni lokacin da Ratio na C12 -14 APG/SML shine 4: 6, kuma tashin hankali tsakanin fuska shine mafi ƙanƙanta. Musamman, ƙaramin ƙaramar tashin hankali tsakanin fuska (kimanin 10^-3mN/m) an lura da shi ta amfani da cakuda C12-14 APG/SML.

Daga cikin alkyl glycosides dauke da microemulsions, dalilin da babban aikin interfacial shi ne cewa hydrophilic alkyl glycosides tare da manyan glucoside-head kungiyoyin da hydrophobic co-emulsifiers tare da kananan kungiyoyin suna gauraye a man-ruwa dubawa a cikin wani manufa rabo. Ruwan ruwa (da ingantaccen girman kai na hydration) bai dogara da zafin jiki ba fiye da yanayin da ke tattare da surfactants nonionic ethoxylated. Don haka, ana lura da tashin hankali na tsaka-tsaki na tsaka-tsaki ne kawai don ɗan ɗanɗanon yanayin dogaro da zafin jiki na cakuda emulsifier maras ethoxylated.

Wannan yana ba da aikace-aikace masu ban sha'awa saboda, ba kamar ethoxylates barasa mai kitse ba, alkyl glycosides na iya samar da microemulsions masu tsayayyen zafin jiki. Ta hanyar bambanta abun ciki na surfactant, nau'in surfactant da aka yi amfani da shi, da man fetur / ruwa, ana iya samar da microemulsions tare da ƙayyadaddun kaddarorin, irin su nuna gaskiya, danko, gyare-gyaren sakamako, da kaddarorin kumfa. Co-emulsifier a cikin tsarin gauraye na alkyl ether sulphate da wadanda ba ion ba, ana lura da yankin microemulsion da aka fadada, kuma za'a iya amfani da shi don tsara abubuwan da ke tattare da mai-ruwa mai kyau.

An yi wani kimantawa na pseudoternary lokaci triangles na multicomponent tsarin dauke da alkyl polyglycoside/SLES da SML tare da hydrocarbon (Dioctyl Cyclohexane) da kuma alkyl polyglycoside / SLES da GMO tare da iyakacin duniya mai (Dicaprylyl Ether/Octyl Dodecanol), da kuma iyakar iyawa. na wurare don o/w, w/o ko microemulsions don matakan hexagonal da na lamellar matakan dangane da tsarin sinadarai da rabon abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. Idan waɗannan triangles na lokaci suna superimposed akan triangles masu dacewa da ke nuna misali dabi'ar kumfa da kaddarorin danko na gaurayawan daidaitattun, suna ba da taimako mai mahimmanci ga mai tsarawa don gano takamaiman ƙirar microemulsion da aka ƙera don misali tsabtace fuska ko wankan kumfa. A matsayin misali, za'a iya samun tsari na microemulsion mai dacewa don sake faɗuwar baho mai kumfa daga madaidaicin alwatika.