Alkyl glucoside ko Alkyl Polyglycoside sanannen samfuri ne na masana'antu kuma ya kasance samfuri na yau da kullun na mai da hankali kan ilimi na dogon lokaci. Sama da shekaru 100 da suka gabata, Fischer Synthesized kuma ya gano farkon alkyl glycosides a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, kimanin shekaru 40 bayan haka, an shigar da aikace-aikacen farko na haƙƙin mallaka wanda ke kwatanta amfani da alkyl glycosides a cikin kayan wanka a Jamus. Bayan shekaru 40-50 na gaba, wasu ƙungiyoyin kamfanoni sun mayar da hankalinsu ga alkyl glycosides kuma sun haɓaka matakai don samar da su bisa ga hanyoyin kira Fischer ya gano.
A cikin wannan ci gaba, aikin farko na Fischer game da amsawar glucose tare da hydrophilic alcohols (kamar methanol, ethanol, glycerol, da sauransu) an yi amfani da su ga hydrophobic alcohols tare da sarƙoƙi na alkyl, jere daga octyl (C8) zuwa hexadecyl (C16) na al'ada m. barasa.
Abin farin ciki, saboda kaddarorin aikace-aikacen su, samar da masana'antu ba su da tsabta alkyl monoglucosides, amma hadadden cakuda alkyl mono-, di-, tri-da oligoglycosides, ana samarwa a cikin tsarin masana'antu. Saboda wannan, ana kiran samfuran masana'antu alkyl polyglycosides, samfuran suna nuna tsayin sarkar alkyl da matsakaicin adadin raka'a glycose da ke da alaƙa da shi, matakin polymerization.
(Hoto 1. Tsarin kwayoyin halitta na alkyl polyglucosides)
Rohm&Haas shine kamfani na farko da ya fara samar da yawan jama'a don octyl/decyl (C8 ~ C10) glycosides a ƙarshen 1970s, wanda BASF da SEPPIC suka biyo baya. Koyaya, saboda rashin gamsuwa na wannan ɗan gajeren sarkar da ƙarancin launi, aikace-aikacen sa yana iyakance ga ƴan sassan kasuwa, kamar sassan masana'antu da hukumomi.
An inganta ingancin wannan shor-chain alkyl glycoside a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata kuma yawancin kamfanoni a halin yanzu suna ba da sababbin octyl/decyl glycosides, ciki har da BASF, SEPPIC, Akzo Nobel, ICI da Henkel.
A farkon 1980s, kamfanoni da yawa sun fara haɓaka alkyl glycosides a cikin kewayon sarkar alkyl mai tsayi (dodecyl/tetradecyl, C12 ~ C14) don samar da sabon surfactant don kayan kwalliya da masana'antar wanka. Sun haɗa da Henkel KGaA, Diisseldorf, Jamus, da Horizon, wani yanki na Kamfanin AEStaley Manufacturing Company na Decatur, Ilinois, Amurka.
Yin amfani da ilimin Horizon da aka samu a lokaci guda, da kuma kwarewar Henkel KGaA daga bincike da ci gaba a Diisseldorf. Henkel ya kafa wani matukin jirgi don samar da alkyl polyglycosides a Crosby, Texas. A samar iya aiki na shuka ya 5000 t pa, kuma an sawu gudu a 1988 da kuma 1989. Manufar matukin jirgi-shuka ne don samun tsari sigogi da kuma inganta inganci da noma kasuwa ga wannan sabon surfactant.
A cikin lokacin daga 1990 zuwa 1992, wasu kamfanoni sun ba da sanarwar sha'awar samar da alkyl polyglycosides (C12-C14), gami da Chemische werke Hiils, ICI, Kao, SEPPIC.
A cikin 1992, Henkel ya kafa sabon shuka a Amurka don samar da Alkyl polyglucosides kuma ƙarfinsa ya kai 25000t pa Henkel KGaA ya fara gudanar da shuka na biyu tare da ƙarfin samarwa iri ɗaya a cikin 1995. Ƙarfafa ƙarfin samarwa ya sa sabon kololuwar cin kasuwa na alkyl polyglycosides.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba 12-2020