Masana'antar jiyya ta sama

  Dole ne a kula da saman samfuran da aka yi da su sosai kafin a saka su. Ragewa da etching matakai ne masu mahimmanci, kuma wasu sassa na ƙarfe suna buƙatar tsabtace su sosai kafin magani. Ana amfani da APG sosai a wannan yanki.

Aikace-aikace na APG a cikin tsaftacewa da ragewa kafin da kuma bayan karfe da kuma electroplating. Single-bangaren surfactants da bayyane saura bayan tsaftacewa, wanda ba zai iya saduwa da bukatun pre-shafi degreasing ( wucin gadi mai tabo tsaftacewa kudi ≥98%). Saboda haka, don inganta aikin karfe tsaftacewa jamiái bukatar hadawa tare da Alkyl Polyglucoside. Tasiri mai tsabta na haɗawa ta hanyar APG 0814 da isomeric C13 polyoxyethylene ether ya fi na haɓakawa ta AEO-9 da isomeric C13 polyoxyethylene ether. Masu bincike ta hanyar gwajin gwajin gwaji na allo da orthogonal. Haɗe APG0814 tare da AEO-9, isomeric C13 polyoxyethylene ether, K12, da kuma ƙara inorganic sansanonin, magina, da dai sauransu. sami foda mai lalata foda maras-phosphorus na eco-friendly, wanda za'a yi amfani da shi a cikin jiyya na tsabtace saman ƙarfe. Cikakken aikin sa yana kwatankwacin BH-11 (ikon rage yawan sinadarin phosphorus) a kasuwa. Masu bincike sun zaɓi nau'ikan surfactants da yawa sosai, kamar APG, AES, AEO-9 da shayi saponin (TS), kuma sun haɗa su don haɓaka ƙaƙƙarfan tushen ruwa mai dacewa da yanayin muhalli wanda aka yi amfani da shi kafin aiwatar da murfin ƙarfe. Binciken ya nuna cewa APG C12 ~ 14 / AEO-9 da APG C8 ~ 10 / AEO-9 suna da tasirin daidaitawa. Bayan haɓakar APGC12 ~ 14/AEO-9, ƙimar CMC ɗinta ta ragu zuwa 0.050 g/L, kuma bayan haɗar APG C8 ~ 10/AEO -9, ƙimar CMC ɗinta ta ragu zuwa 0.025g/L. daidai da taro rabo na AE0-9 / APG C8 ~ 10 ne mafi kyaun tsari. Per m (APG C8 ~ 10): m (AEO-9) = 1: 1, maida hankali shine 3g/L, kuma ya kara Na.₂CO₃a matsayin mataimaki ga wakili mai tsaftacewa na ƙarfe, ƙimar tsaftacewa na gurɓataccen mai zai iya kaiwa 98.6%. Masu bincike sun kuma yi nazarin iyawar tsaftacewa na jiyya na sama a kan 45 # karfe da HT300 launin toka simintin ƙarfe, tare da babban ma'aunin girgije da tsaftacewa na APG0814, Peregal 0-10 da polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether nonionic surfactants da babban tsaftacewa na anionic surfactants AOS.

yawan tsaftacewa na guda ɗaya APG0814 yana kusa da AOS, dan kadan ya fi Peregal 0-10; CMC na tsohon biyu shine 5g/L ƙasa da na ƙarshe. Haɗuwa da nau'ikan surfactants guda huɗu kuma an haɗa su tare da masu hana tsatsa da sauran abubuwan ƙari don samun ingantacciyar hanyar da za ta dace da muhalli mai daɗaɗɗen ruwa mai tsaftataccen mai, tare da ingantaccen tsaftacewa fiye da 90%. Ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje na orthogonal da gwaje-gwaje na sharadi, masu binciken sunyi nazarin tasirin da yawa na surfactants akan tasirin ragewa. Babban tsari shine K12> APG> JFC> AE0-9, APG yafi AEO-9, kuma aiki mafi kyawun dabara shine K12 6%, AEO-9 2.5%, APG 2.5%, JFC 1%, ƙari tare da sauran additives. Adadin cire mai na tabon mai a saman saman ƙarfe ya wuce 99%, abokantaka na yanayi kuma mai yuwuwa. Masu bincike sun zaɓi sodium lignosulfonate tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi don haɗuwa tare da APGC8-10 da AEO-9, kuma haɗin gwiwa yana da kyau.

Aluminum gami tsaftacewa wakili. Masu bincike sun ɓullo da wani tsaka tsaki tsaftacewa wakili ga aluminum-zinc alloys, hada APG tare da ethoxy-propyloxy, C8 ~ C10 m barasa, m methyloxylate (CFMEE) da kuma NPE 3% ~ 5% da barasa, Additives, da dai sauransu Yana da ayyuka na emulsification, watsawa da shigar azzakari cikin farji, degreasing da dewaxing don cimma tsaka tsaki tsaftacewa, babu lalata ko discoloration na aluminum, tutiya da gami. An kuma ɓullo da wani ma'aunin tsaftacewa na aluminium na magnesium. Its bincike ya nuna cewa isomeric barasa ether da APG suna da synergistic sakamako, forming wani cakuda monomolecular adsorption Layer da kuma kafa gauraye micelles a cikin ciki na bayani, wanda inganta dauri ikon surfactant da mai tabo, ta haka inganta tsaftacewa ikon. wakilin tsaftacewa. Tare da ƙari na APG, tashin hankali na tsarin a hankali yana raguwa. Lokacin da ƙarin adadin alkyl glycoside ya wuce 5%, yanayin yanayin tsarin ba ya canzawa da yawa, kuma ƙarin adadin alkyl glycoside shine 5% zai fi dacewa. Tsarin tsari shine: ethanolamine 10%, Iso-tridecyl barasa polyoxyethylene ether 8%, APG08105%, potassium pyrophosphate 5%; Tetrasodium hydroxy ethyldiphosphonate 5%, sodium molybdate 3%, propylene glycol methyl ether 7%, ruwa 57%,wakili mai tsaftacewa yana da raunin alkaline, tare da sakamako mai kyau na tsaftacewa, ƙananan lalata zuwa magnesium aluminum gami, mai sauƙi biodegradation, da muhalli abokantaka. Lokacin da sauran abubuwan da aka gyara ba su canza ba, kusurwar taɓawa na alloy surface yana ƙaruwa daga 61 ° zuwa 91 ° bayan an maye gurbin isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether ta APG0810, yana nuna cewa tasirin tsaftacewa na APG0810 ya fi na farko.

Bugu da kari, APG yana da mafi kyawun kaddarorin hana lalata ga al'amuran aluminum. Ƙungiyar hydroxyl a cikin tsarin kwayoyin halitta na APG cikin sauƙin amsawa tare da aluminum don haifar da tallan sinadarai. Masu bincike sun yi nazarin tasirin hana lalata da yawa da ake amfani da su a kan alluran aluminium. A ƙarƙashin yanayin acidic na pH = 2, tasirin hana lalata na APG (C12 ~ 14) da 6501 ya fi kyau. Tsarinsa na tasirin hana lalata shine APG> 6501> AEO-9> LAS> AES, wanda APG, 6501 ya fi kyau.

Adadin lalata na APG a saman aluminum gami ne kawai 0.25 MG, amma sauran uku surfactant mafita 6501, AEO-9 da LAS ne game da 1 ~ 1.3 MG. ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline na Ph = 9, tasirin hana lalatawar APG da 6501 ya fi kyau. Bayan ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline, APG yana gabatar da fasalin tasirin taro.

A cikin maganin NaOH na 0.1mol / L, tasirin hana lalata zai haɓaka mataki-mataki tare da haɓaka haɓakar APG har sai ya kai ga kololuwar (1.2g / L), sannan tare da haɓaka haɓaka, tasirin lalata. hanawa za a koma baya.

Wasu, kamar bakin karfe, tsaftacewa. Masu bincike sun ƙirƙira wani abin da zai iya hana bakin karfe oxide. Ya ƙunshi 30% ~ 50% cyclodextrin, 10% ~ 20% Organic acid da 10% ~ 20% composite surfactant. Abubuwan da aka ambata hade da surfactant sune APG, sodium oleate,6501(1:1:1), wanda ke da kyakkyawan sakamako na tsaftace oxide. Yana da yuwuwar maye gurbin wakili mai tsaftace bakin karfe oxide Layer wanda galibi inorganic acid ne a halin yanzu.

An kuma ɓullo da wani ma'aikaci mai tsafta don tsaftace fuskar bango, wanda ya ƙunshi APG da K12, sodium oleate, hydrochloric acid, ferric chloride, ethanol da ruwa mai tsabta. A gefe guda, ƙari na APG yana rage tashin hankali na fuskar bangon waya, wanda ke taimakawa ga maganin da za a yada mafi kyau a kan fuskar bangon waya da kuma inganta cirewar oxide Layer; A gefe guda kuma, APG na iya samar da kumfa a saman maganin, wanda ke rage yawan hazo na acid. Don rage cutar da mai aiki da kuma lalata sakamako a kan kayan aiki, A halin yanzu, da intermolecular sinadaran adsorption iya adsorb da kwayoyin aiki a wasu yankunan da surface na tsare kananan kwayoyin halitta mafi sha'awa yanayi ga m Organic m bonding tsari.