Surfactant wani nau'in mahadi ne. Yana iya rage tashin hankali na saman tsakanin ruwa biyu, tsakanin gas da ruwa, ko tsakanin ruwa da kauri. Don haka, halayensa yana sa ya zama mai amfani a matsayin wanki, kayan jika, emulsifiers, masu kumfa, da masu rarrabawa.

Surfactants gabaɗaya kwayoyin amphiphilic kwayoyin halitta ne tare da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic da hydrophobic, yawanci mahaɗaɗɗen kwayoyin halitta na amphiphilic, suna ɗauke da ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic (“wutsiyoyi”) da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic (“kawuna”). Saboda haka, suna narkewa a cikin kwayoyin kaushi da ruwa.

Rarraba Surfactant
(1) Anionic surfactant
(2) Cationic surfactant
(3) Zwitterionic surfactant
(4) Nonionic surfactant